The terminal voltage of a battery whose emf is 10 V and internal resistance 1 Ω when connected through external resistance of 4 Ω, as shown, is: [Diagram: Image]
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The terminal voltage of a battery whose emf is 10 V and internal resistance 1 Ω when connected through external resistance of 4 Ω, as shown, is: [Diagram: Image]

G1 Physics · Accepted Answer

Step 1: Total resistance R+r = 4+1 = 5 Ω. Step 2: Current I = E/(R+r) = 10/5 = 2 A. Step 3: Terminal voltage V = E−Ir = 10−2×1 = 8 V.