Water flows at 4 m/s in a cylindrical pipe of diameter 8 cm. It is connected to an outlet of diameter 2 cm. Find the water speed at the free end.
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Question

Water flows at 4 m/s in a cylindrical pipe of diameter 8 cm. It is connected to an outlet of diameter 2 cm. Find the water speed at the free end.

G1 Physics · Accepted Answer

Step 1: For incompressible steady flow, continuity gives A₁v₁ = A₂v₂. Step 2: Circular cross-sectional area A = πd²/4, hence A₁/A₂ = (d₁/d₂)². Step 3: v₂ = v₁(d₁/d₂)² = 4 × (8/2)² = 4 × 16. Final answer: 64 m/s (Option D).