Surface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications questions with solutions

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• NumericmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  A wetting liquid rises 3 cm in a capillary tube when the system is stationary. The apparatus is then accelerated vertically downward at 5 m/s². Take g = 10 m/s². If the new capillary rise is N cm, find N.

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• Multi-correctmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  Which statements about contact angle and capillary behaviour are correct?

  Select all that apply

  • Option A

    For a wetting liquid, the contact angle is usually less than 90°.

  • Option B

    A non-wetting liquid can show capillary depression.

  • Option C

    For a given liquid under fixed effective gravity, capillary height varies as cosθ/r.

  • Option D

    At contact angle 90°, the ideal capillary rise or depression is zero.

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• MCQmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  A wetting liquid rises through height h₀ in a capillary tube when the apparatus is stationary. The complete apparatus is then placed in an elevator accelerating vertically upward with acceleration a. Neglect changes in surface tension and density. What is the new capillary rise?

  Options

  • Option A

    h₀(g+a) / g

  • Option B

    h₀g / (g+a)

  • Option C

    h₀g / (g-a)

  • Option D

    h₀

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• MCQeasyProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  A liquid is placed in a narrow capillary tube. Which statement correctly describes the role of the contact angle θ in capillary rise or depression?

  Options

  • Option A

    If θ is less than 90°, the liquid necessarily undergoes capillary depression.

  • Option B

    If θ is greater than 90°, cosθ is negative and the liquid undergoes capillary depression.

  • Option C

    Capillary height is independent of the contact angle.

  • Option D

    A contact angle of 90° produces the maximum capillary rise.

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• MCQeasyProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  A clean steel needle can sometimes be placed carefully on the surface of water without sinking even though the density of steel is much greater than the density of water. Which explanation is most appropriate?

  Options

  • Option A

    Surface tension provides upward components of force along the contact line, in addition to any buoyant force.

  • Option B

    Water density becomes greater than steel density near the surface.

  • Option C

    Atmospheric pressure acts only below the needle.

  • Option D

    The gravitational force on the needle becomes zero at the water surface.

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• MCQmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  A mercury drop of radius 10⁻³ m is broken into 125 equal size droplets. Surface tension of mercury is 0.45 N m⁻¹. The gain in surface energy is:

  Options

  • Option A

    2.26 × 10⁻⁵ J

  • Option B

    28 × 10⁻⁵ J

  • Option C

    17.5 × 10⁻⁵ J

  • Option D

    5 × 10⁻⁵ J

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• A/RmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  Choose the correct option for the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

  Assertion

  Mercury generally shows capillary depression in a clean glass tube.

  Reason

  The contact angle of mercury with clean glass is greater than 90°, so cosθ is negative.

  Options

  • Option A

    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

  • Option B

    Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

  • Option C

    A is true but R is false.

  • Option D

    A is false but R is true.

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• Multi-correctmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  Which statements about soap bubbles are correct when the surface tension is the same?

  Select all that apply

  • Option A

    A smaller soap bubble has greater excess internal pressure than a larger soap bubble.

  • Option B

    When two unequal soap bubbles are connected by a narrow tube, air initially tends to flow from the smaller bubble to the larger bubble.

  • Option C

    A soap bubble has two liquid-gas surfaces.

  • Option D

    The excess pressure of a soap bubble is twice that of a liquid drop having the same radius and surface tension.

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• NumericmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  A spherical liquid drop of radius 2 mm and surface tension 0.05 N/m is divided into eight equal drops. If the increase in surface energy is Nπ × 10⁻⁷ J, find N.

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• NumericmediumProperties of solid and fluidSurface Tension, Surface Energy and Their Applications

  A wetting liquid rises 6 cm in a capillary tube when the system is stationary. The same apparatus is placed in an elevator accelerating vertically upward at 5 m/s². Take g = 10 m/s². If the new capillary rise is N cm, find N.

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