Given below are two statements: Statement I: Rotation of the Earth affects the value of acceleration due to gravity g.
Statement II: The effect of Earth's rotation on g is minimum at the equator and maximum at the poles. Choose the correct answer.

Question

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Rotation of the Earth affects the value of acceleration due to gravity g.

Statement II: The effect of Earth's rotation on g is minimum at the equator and maximum at the poles. Choose the correct answer.

G1 Physics · Accepted Answer

Due to Earth's rotation, effective gravity at latitude described by angle θ from the equatorial plane is g(eff) = g - ω²R cos²θ At the equator, θ = 0°, so the reduction ω²R is maximum. At the poles, θ = 90°, so cos90° = 0 and there is no rotational reduction. Thus Statement I is true, but Statement II reverses the actual result and is false. Hence option D follows.