2026 physics questions with solutions

Showing 1–10 of 32 questions

• NumericdifficultWave Opticsdiffraction of light

  In a single slit diffraction experiment, a slit of width (0.016 ± 0.002) mm is used to measure the wavelength of a monochromatic light source. In the diffraction pattern, the angular distance between the central maximum and first minimum is measured to be (2° ± 40′). The value of the fractional error in the measurement of wavelength is: [Given: sin(2°) = 0.035]

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  JEE Advanced2026Paper 2

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• NumericmediumThermodyanmicscyclic process its effeciency ,second law of thermodynamics

  As shown in the figure, five Carnot engines, each with efficiency η and same number of cycles per unit time, are operating between six heat reservoirs. The amount of heat released per cycle by one engine is completely absorbed by the next engine. Consider Q₀ to be the amount of heat absorbed per cycle by the first engine and W as the amount of total work done by all the engines per cycle, then the net efficiency of the system is found to be η(net) = W/Q₀ = 211/243. The value of η is:

  

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  JEE Advanced2026Paper 1

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• Multi-correctmediumAtomic Structure and X-raysatomic structure and bohr atomic model

  Consider a hydrogen atom with vₖ, rₖ, and Kₖ denoting the velocity, orbital radius and kinetic energy of the electron in the kth orbit, respectively. The electron undergoes a transition from the nth orbit, emitting radiation corresponding to the Lyman series. Considering h to be Planck’s constant and ε₀ the permittivity of free space, the correct statement(s) is/are:

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  • Option A

    Magnitude of change in kinetic energy of electron can be expressed as (h/4π)|nvₙ/rₙ - v₁/r₁|.

  • Option B

    Magnitude of change in de Broglie wavelength of the electron can be expressed as [e²/(4ε₀)]|1/Kₙ - 1/K₁|.

  • Option C

    Frequency of the radiation emitted can be expressed as [e²/(8πε₀h)](1/r₁ - 1/rₙ).

  • Option D

    Magnitude of change in total energy of the electron can be expressed as (h/2π)|v₁/r₁ - nvₙ/rₙ|.

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• Multi-correctmediumThermodyanmicsthermodynmic process and work done

  Ten moles of an ideal monoatomic gas, initially in state a at atmospheric pressure and temperature T(a) = 27°C, is enclosed in a metal cylinder of volume V₀ fitted with a frictionless piston. The gas is suddenly compressed to state b with volume V₀/3. Now, keeping the piston stationary, the cylinder is submerged in a water bath of temperature 11°C until the gas reaches the temperature of the water bath, which is denoted as state c. Finally, while still in the water bath, the piston is brought slowly to its initial position, which is denoted as state f. If R is universal gas constant, then the correct option(s) is/are: [Given: 9^(1/3) = 2.08]

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  • Option A

    The schematic P-V diagram of the processes described above is as shown in figure.

    
  • Option B

    The change in internal energy in going from state a to b is 4860R.

  • Option C

    The net change in the internal energy in the whole process is -240R.

  • Option D

    The pressure and temperature of the state b are 2.08 times the atmospheric pressure and 624 K, respectively.

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• Multi-correctdifficultGeometrical opticsprism and thin prism

  Consider two isosceles prisms 1 and 2 with prism angles A₁ and A₂ and refractive indices n₁ and n₂, respectively, as shown in the figure. The faces a₁b₁ and a₂b₂ are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the mirror M. If a ray of light is incident on the face a₁c₁ and emerges from the face a₂c₂, then the correct statement(s) is/are:

  

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  • Option A

    If both the prisms are at minimum deviation condition, then n₂/n₁ = sin(A₁/2)/sin(A₂/2).

  • Option B

    If prism 2 is at minimum deviation condition, then sin i₁ = n₂ sin(A₂/2) is always true.

  • Option C

    If both prisms 1 and 2 are thin and are at minimum deviation condition with angles of deviation δ(min,1) and δ(min,2), respectively, then θ = δ(min,1)/[2(n₁-1)] + δ(min,2)/[2(n₂-1)].

  • Option D

    If prism 1 is at minimum deviation condition, then sin i₂ = n₁ sin(A₁/2) is always true.

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• Multi-correctmediumElectromagnetic wavedisplacement current and properties of electromagnetic wave

  The electric field associated with an electromagnetic wave travelling in vacuum is given by E₀ sin(3y + 4z + ωt) î, where ω is the angular frequency. All quantities are in SI units. The correct statement(s) about this wave is/are: [Given: speed of light in vacuum c = 3 × 10⁸ m s⁻¹.]

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  • Option A

    The wave is travelling in -(1/5)(3ĵ + 4k̂) direction.

  • Option B

    The magnitude of the wave vector is 0.5 m⁻¹.

  • Option C

    The value of ω is 1.5 × 10⁹ rad s⁻¹.

  • Option D

    The magnetic field associated with this wave is given by (E₀/c) sin(3y + 4z + ωt)(4ĵ - 3k̂).

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• Multi-correctmediumGeometrical opticslens and combination lens,silvered lens

  A double convex lens made of glass of refractive index 1.5 and radii of curvature of the curved surfaces 20 cm each is immersed in a liquid of refractive index n(L). The correct plot showing the variation of the power, in the units of diopter (D), as a function of n(L) is:

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  • Option A

    I

    
  • Option B

    
  • Option C

    
  • Option D

    

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• MatchmediumRotational Motionmoment of inertia and kinetic energy in pure rotation

  List-I shows four planar structures made of uniform solid rods each of mass m and length l. In List-II the possible moments of inertia of these structures about an axis OCO′, which lies in the plane of the structures, are given. Choose the option that describes the correct match between the entries in List-I to those in List-II. Image

  List 1

  1. (P)

     

  2. I

     (Q)

     

  3. (R)

     

  4. (S)

     

  5. .

  List 2

  1. 1. 1. (5/4)ml²

  2. 1. 2. (1/6)ml²

  3. 3. 3. (1/12)ml²

  4. 1. 4. (2/3)ml²

  5. 1. 5. (1/3)ml²

  Options

  • Option A

    P→5, Q→1, R→4, S→2

  • Option B

    P→1, Q→3, R→4, S→2

  • Option C

    P→5, Q→3, R→2, S→1

  • Option D

    P→5, Q→4, R→2, S→1

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• ParagraphdifficultCapacitorcapacitor with dielectric

  A container of height 2 m, length 2 m and breadth 1 m is made of insulating vertical walls and two large area horizontal metal plates M₁ and M₂ which extend far beyond the vertical walls in all directions. The container is partitioned into two equal chambers with a thin insulating vertical wall. The partition wall contains a small hole of cross-sectional area √10 cm² near its bottom edge. Initially the hole is closed and the left chamber of the container is completely filled with a liquid of dielectric constant ε(r) = 15 and the right chamber is empty, ε(r) = 1. At time t = 0, the hole is opened and the liquid flows from the left chamber to the right chamber. In both the chambers, the space above the liquid has ε(r) = 1 and is maintained at atmospheric pressure. The schematic of the container at a time t > 0 is shown in the figure. [Given: acceleration due to gravity is 10 m s⁻².]

  

  Sub-question 1

  The height (in m) of the liquid in left chamber at t = 500 s is:

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  Sub-question 2

  The difference in the capacitance (in F) between the metal plates at t = 0 and that at t = 500 s is (8 - n)ε₀, where ε₀ is the permittivity of free space. The value of n is:

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• Multi-correctmediumElectrostaticselectric dipole and dipole moment

  Consider an electric dipole comprising two charges +q and -q each with mass m, separated by a fixed distance d and initially at rest with its dipole moment pointing along î. A uniform electric field Eĵ is turned on at time t = 0 and it is turned off at t = t(f), when the dipole moment makes an angle θ(f) with î. Neglecting any sources of energy loss, correct option(s) is/are:

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  • Option A

    The center of mass of the dipole is deflected towards ĵ in the presence of the field.

  • Option B

    If the magnitude of the final angular velocity ω(f) = √[2qE/(md)], then θ(f) = π/6.

  • Option C

    If θ(f) = π/3, then the change in kinetic energy of the dipole is given by 2√3 qEd.

  • Option D

    For θ(f) = π/4, the dipole rotates around its center of mass with a constant angular velocity after t > t(f).

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